# Digital Optical Microscopy > Rapid, high-resolution imaging of a sample. Source: https://covalent.com/techniques/optical-analysis/digital-optical-microscopy-services/ Updated: 2026-04-27T23:52:54+00:00 --- ![](https://spcdn.shortpixel.ai/spio/ret_img,q_cdnize,to_auto,s_webp:avif/covalent.com/wp-content/themes/covalent/assets/images/blog-default-banner.jpg) ![](https://spcdn.shortpixel.ai/spio/ret_img,q_cdnize,to_auto,s_webp:avif/covalent.com/wp-content/themes/covalent/assets/images/blog-mobile-banner.jpg) [Core Lab](https://covalent.com/covalent-core-lab/) # Digital Optical Microscopy Digital Optical Microscopy, also known as VHX after our cutting-edge Keyence imaging instrument, is a rapid technique for capturing high-resolution images of a sample. [Add to Quote](#) ## What Is Digital Optical Microscopy? Digital optical microscopy uses advanced optical microscopes to generate images like modern digital cameras, capturing the light reflected from or transmitted through a sample under set illumination. However, unlike a simple camera, modern optical microscopes also include intrinsic lens systems and sophisticated illumination systems that facilitate high magnification and dynamic range images with micron-scale resolution. Applications include imaging and measuring critical dimensions, defect features, solder connections, and cross-sectioned parts in the semiconductor, materials science, and precision manufacturing industries. Performance ### Performance Accurate, high‑resolution, automated measurement and analysis. Advanced imaging ### Advanced Imaging Wide depth of field, flexible lighting, and tilt for detailed [surface imaging](/applications/surface-analysis-and-interface-properties/). Analytical support ### Analytical Support Full‑service microscopy, [profilometry](/techniques/morphology-structural-analysis/chromatic-confocal-profilometry/), and [failure analysis](/techniques/morphology-structural-analysis/chromatic-confocal-profilometry/) tools. ## Why Use Digital Optical Microscopy? Our 3D optical microscopy services use extended depth-of-field optics with automated compositing and image stitching to integrate images captured across multiple focal planes and large areas. This produces fully focused, high-resolution images across the entire field of view, even with significant height variations. A high-precision automation system provides precise control over different illumination modes for optimal imaging quality. ### Versatile Illumination Accommodates multiple lighting techniques to reveal surface features. ### Depth-of-Field Imaging Generates 3D renderings of surfaces or combines multiple focal planes into a single, fully in-focus 2D image. ### Large-Area Image Stitching Captures large regions of interest at high resolution by seamlessly combining multiple images. ## Covalent’s Capabilities Offer Microscale Digital Optical Microscopy [Get a Quote](https://covalent.com/get-a-quote/) ## Working Principle Digital Optical Microscopy captures high-resolution images using advanced lenses and controlled illumination. Automated depth-of-field compositing and image stitching generate entirely focused images on complex surfaces. Adjustable lighting and tilting ensure precise edge definition and accurate dimension measurements. ### Equipment Used for Digital Optical Microscopy: #### Keyence VHX-X1 - Dynamic Microscope Tilt Range: -89° to +89° from vertical. - Magnification Range: 20x to 6000x. - Maximum Field of View 15.24 mm (lateral) x 11.40 mm (vertical) at 20x magnification. - Illumination Modes: customizable bright-field, dark-field, and mixed lighting. - High-precision, automated, *in-situ* dimensional analysis. - High-quality depth composition imaging. [View Spec Sheet](https://www.keyence.co.in/products/microscope/digital-microscope/vhx-x1/) #### Keyence VHX-6000 - Dynamic Microscope Tilt Range: −60° to 90° from vertical. - Magnification Range: 20× to 2000×. - Maximum Field of View: 15.24 mm (lateral) × 11.40 mm (vertical) at 20×. - Illumination Modes: Customizable bright‑field, dark‑field, and mixed lighting. - Capabilities: High‑precision, automated, in‑situ dimensional analysis. [View Spec Sheet](https://www.keyence.co.in/products/microscope/digital-microscope/vhx-6000/models/vhx-6000/) ### Key Differentiators Our optical microscopy systems can tilt the microscope relative to the sample and image with a high depth of field to enhance edge definition and improve feature visibility on complex geometries. #### Strengths - High-resolution and accurate imaging. - Reproducible images with multi‑modal illumination and extended depth of field. - Widest possible depth-of-field (without [cross-sectioning](/techniques/mechanical-testing/mechanical-cross-section-analysis-x-section/)) among direct imaging/microscopy techniques. #### Limitations - It does not have as high a spatial resolution as other scanning probe microscopy methods, such as AFM. - It may be less efficient when more precise 3D-height measurements are needed. - Covalent’s other techniques may be a better fit in certain cases. Two colleagues working together on a laptop, discussing a project in a bright, professional environment. ## Unsure Whether Digital Optical Microscopy Is Right for You? Covalent's expert team is ready to help understand your requirements and testing needs to offer the ideal solution. [Talk to an Expert](https://covalent.com/contact-us/) ## Sample Information Example Outputs Sample Requirements [https://covalent.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/VHX_Sample-Output-Grain-Size-Count.jpg](https://covalent.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/VHX_Sample-Output-Grain-Size-Count.jpg) Automated Grain Size and Count on Wafer. [https://covalent.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/VHX_Sample-Output-Large-DoF-at-T-35.jpg](https://covalent.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/VHX_Sample-Output-Large-DoF-at-T-35.jpg) Large depth of field on a 35-degree tilt angle. [https://covalent.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/VHX_Sample-Output-BGA-wafer-packaging-bump.jpg](https://covalent.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/VHX_Sample-Output-BGA-wafer-packaging-bump.jpg) 3D image of a bump in wafer packaging generated from a 2D composite shot, which in turn integrates the focused pixels from numerous different focal planes. ### What we accept: We accept solid and liquid samples (liquids must be in sealed containers). The maximum sample mass is 5 kg. The maximum solid dimensions are 100 mm (L) × 100 mm (W) × 40 mm (T). For larger parts, we can separate and/or cross‑section components to expose the features of interest. ## Use Cases - Semiconductor & Electronics - Materials & Manufacturing - Mechanical Testing & Research - Polymers & Coatings - Medical Devices & Packaging - ![Semiconductor](https://spcdn.shortpixel.ai/spio/ret_img,q_cdnize,to_auto,s_webp:avif/covalent.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/uc-semiconductor.jpg) ### Semiconductor & Electronics Digital optical microscopy is used to inspect ICs, wafers, PCBs, and advanced packaging for defects, delamination, and grain structure. It enables non-destructive failure analysis, precise surface imaging, and dimensional verification of microfeatures. - ![Materials & Manufacturing<](https://spcdn.shortpixel.ai/spio/ret_img,q_cdnize,to_auto,s_webp:avif/covalent.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/Material-science.jpg) ### Materials & Manufacturing Supports dimensional inspection, surface quality assessment, and defect detection in machined or fabricated parts. Ideal for verifying tolerances and identifying imperfections in precision components. - ![Mechanical Testing & Research](https://spcdn.shortpixel.ai/spio/ret_img,q_cdnize,to_auto,s_webp:avif/covalent.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/uc-precision-manufacturing-metrology.jpg) ### Mechanical Testing & Research Used to examine crack propagation, indentation patterns, and deformation zones after mechanical or thermal stress testing, offering visual correlation with material behavior. - ![Polymers & Coatings](https://spcdn.shortpixel.ai/spio/ret_img,q_cdnize,to_auto,s_webp:avif/covalent.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/uc-polymers-coatings.jpg) ### [Polymers & Coatings](/applications/polymer-and-plastic-analysis-testing-services/) Captures surface texture, layer uniformity, and microstructural defects in [coatings](/applications/coating-testing/), thin films, and polymer components to ensure quality and consistency during processing. - ![Medical Devices & Packaging](https://spcdn.shortpixel.ai/spio/ret_img,q_cdnize,to_auto,s_webp:avif/covalent.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/uc-medical-devices.jpg) ### Medical Devices & Packaging Evaluates bonding, sealing, and surface finish in medical assemblies and packaging, ensuring integrity and compliance under strict manufacturing standards. ## Complementary Techniques - **[2D-X-ray](https://covalent.com/techniques/morphology-structural-analysis/2d-x-ray-inspection/) or [Micro-CT](https://covalent.com/techniques/morphology-structural-analysis/micro-x-ray-computed-tomography-micro-ct/):** Subsurface inspection to complement surface imaging. - **[Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM)](https://covalent.com/techniques/morphology-structural-analysis/atomic-force-microscopy-afm-analysis/) or [Electron Microscopy](https://covalent.com/techniques/electron-microscopy/):** Nanoscale surface and sub‑micron feature imaging. - **[Laser Scanning Confocal Microscopy (LSCM)](https://covalent.com/techniques/optical-analysis/laser-scanning-confocal-microscopy-lscm-vkx/) or [White Light Interferometry (WLI)](https://covalent.com/techniques/chemical-analysis/white-light-interferometry-wli/):** High‑precision 3D height measurements of small features. - **[Structured Light Profilometry](https://covalent.com/techniques/morphology-structural-analysis/structured-light-profilometry/):** 3D height measurement of taller features over larger areas. [2D X-Ray Inspection](https://covalent.com/techniques/morphology-structural-analysis/2d-x-ray-inspection/) Delivers clear internal views of complex electronics. [Explore](https://covalent.com/techniques/morphology-structural-analysis/2d-x-ray-inspection/) [Add to Quote](#) [Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) Analysis](https://covalent.com/techniques/morphology-structural-analysis/atomic-force-microscopy-afm-analysis/) Maps nanoscale topography and material properties with a sharp probe. [Explore](https://covalent.com/techniques/morphology-structural-analysis/atomic-force-microscopy-afm-analysis/) [Add to Quote](#) [Laser Scanning Confocal Microscopy (LSCM)](https://covalent.com/techniques/optical-analysis/laser-scanning-confocal-microscopy-lscm-vkx/) Non-destructive 3D imaging of sample surfaces. [Explore](https://covalent.com/techniques/optical-analysis/laser-scanning-confocal-microscopy-lscm-vkx/) [Add to Quote](#) [Structured Light Profilometry](https://covalent.com/techniques/morphology-structural-analysis/structured-light-profilometry/) Creates precise 3D models without contact or damage. [Explore](https://covalent.com/techniques/morphology-structural-analysis/structured-light-profilometry/) [Add to Quote](#) [White Light Interferometry (WLI)](https://covalent.com/techniques/chemical-analysis/white-light-interferometry-wli/) Measures surface topography with sub-nanometer vertical resolution. [Explore](https://covalent.com/techniques/chemical-analysis/white-light-interferometry-wli/) [Add to Quote](#) [X-ray Computed Tomography (Micro-CT)](https://covalent.com/techniques/morphology-structural-analysis/micro-x-ray-computed-tomography-micro-ct/) Non-contact, non-destructive 2D/3D images at micron scale. [Explore](https://covalent.com/techniques/morphology-structural-analysis/micro-x-ray-computed-tomography-micro-ct/) [Add to Quote](#) ## Why Choose Covalent for Your Digital Optical Microscopy Needs? Optical microscopy is fast, affordable, and effective, but at Covalent, it’s elevated through advanced digital systems and a broad suite of complementary tools. Our experts combine optical, confocal, WLI, [SEM](/techniques/electron-microscopy/scanning-electron-microscopy-sem/), and AFM methods to deliver focused, high-resolution views and actionable measurements for defect, dimensional, and microstructure analysis. For urgent or complex projects, we offer rapid turnarounds and live, guided sessions with our engineers. ## Frequently Asked Questions Identifying the right test can be complex, but it doesn’t have to be complicated. Here are some questions we are frequently asked. - ### What is the largest sample area you can measure with 3D optical microscopy? Our digital microscope analysis can measure a 315 mm x 315 mm area in a single scan. - ### How small a feature can Digital Optical Microscopy examine? In our optical microscopy lab, we can measure features at 2500x magnification. The field of view narrows to approximately 120 × 90 μm, allowing for imaging features that approach a micron in size. - ### Do you offer sample prep and cross-sectioning services? Yes. In addition to our optical microscopy lab, we have a failure analysis (FA) lab with cross-sectioning capabilities so that we can get a complete look at your part. - ### Is the optical microscopy lab a good fit for my needs? Reach out to us and let’s discuss. Tell us a bit about your sample and what you are trying to learn, and we can provide a free consultation for your digital microscope analysis needs and prescribe the right mix of measurements to get you the answers you need. Resources ![](https://spcdn.shortpixel.ai/spio/ret_img,q_cdnize,to_auto,s_webp:avif/covalent.com/wp-content/themes/covalent/assets/images/resource-bg-c.svg) Resources ![](https://spcdn.shortpixel.ai/spio/ret_img,q_cdnize,to_auto,s_webp:avif/covalent.com/wp-content/themes/covalent/assets/images/resource-bg-o.svg) [![Beyond the Surface: Next-Generation Scanning Acoustic Microscopy](https://spcdn.shortpixel.ai/spio/ret_img,q_cdnize,to_auto,s_webp:avif/covalent.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/next-generation-scanning-acoustic-microscopy-768x430.jpeg) Webinar Beyond the Surface: Next-Generation Scanning Acoustic Microscopy 57 mins Apr 16, 2026](https://covalent.com/webinars/next-generation-sam/) [![PED and DPC](https://spcdn.shortpixel.ai/spio/ret_img,q_cdnize,to_auto,s_webp:avif/covalent.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/04/covalent-ped-and-dpc-case-study-768x973.png) Case Study PED and DPC Apr 08, 2026](https://covalent.com/resource-library/ped-and-dpc/) [![Seeing the Unseen: The Power of Electron Microscopy](https://spcdn.shortpixel.ai/spio/ret_img,q_cdnize,to_auto,s_webp:avif/covalent.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/02/the-power-of-electron-microscopy.jpg) eBook Seeing the Unseen: The Power of Electron Microscopy Feb 25, 2026](https://covalent.com/resource-library/the-power-of-electron-microscopy/) [![Photoinduced Force Microscopy (PiFM) for Photonics Analysis](https://spcdn.shortpixel.ai/spio/ret_img,q_cdnize,to_auto,s_webp:avif/covalent.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/01/photoinduced-force-microscopy-pifm-for-photonics-analysis.jpg) Case Study Photoinduced Force Microscopy (PiFM) for Photonics Analysis Jan 19, 2026](https://covalent.com/resource-library/pifm-for-molecular-identification-of-contamination-on-photomasks/) [![Solving Bond Uniformity Challenges with SAM](https://spcdn.shortpixel.ai/spio/ret_img,q_cdnize,to_auto,s_webp:avif/covalent.com/wp-content/themes/covalent/assets/images/resource-thumbnail.jpg) Video Solving Bond Uniformity Challenges with SAM Dec 30, 2025](https://covalent.com/resource-library/solving-bond-uniformity-challenges-with-sam/) [![Failure Analysis in Action: Fracture Analysis of Biomedical Appliances with Advanced Microscopy](https://spcdn.shortpixel.ai/spio/ret_img,q_cdnize,to_auto,s_webp:avif/covalent.com/wp-content/themes/covalent/assets/images/resource-thumbnail.jpg) Video Failure Analysis in Action: Fracture Analysis of Biomedical Appliances with Advanced Microscopy Dec 17, 2025](https://covalent.com/resource-library/failure-analysis-in-action-fracture-analysis-of-biomedical-appliances-with-advanced-microscopy/) Need Expert Guidance? Our experts can help you determine if this approach is the best fit for your samples and discuss the next steps. [Talk to a Materials Scientist](https://covalent.com/contact-us/)